Use of novel polyetheretherketone (PEEK) polymer in pediatric dentistry

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to discuss the applications of PEEK in pediatric dentistry and the advantages of PEEK material in terms of periodontal health. In pediatric dentistry, there is a continuous search for biocompatible, esthetic, and durable materials to overcome the limitations of conventional options such as stainless steel and zirconia. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), a high-performance semicrystalline polymer, has emerged as a novel alternative due to its superior mechanical properties, resistance to heat and chemicals, and an elastic modulus comparable to human bone. This review aims to evaluate the material characteristics of PEEK, its impact on periodontal health, and its clinical applications within pediatric dentistry. PEEK is amenable to digitalization and can be fabricated using CAD/CAM milling and 3D printing, ensuring precise fit and patient comfort. In pediatric orthodontics and space maintenance, PEEK serves as an esthetic, metal-free alternative, eliminating risks of nickel allergy while providing high strength and significantly reduced weight compared to traditional appliances. For restorative procedures, PEEK is utilized in crowns, endocrowns, and post-core systems. Its shock-absorbing capability allows for favorable stress distribution in dentin, reducing the risk of root fractures often associated with rigid materials like metal or glass fibers. Additionally, its low specific gravity and biocompatibility make it an effective material for obturators in treating cleft lip and palate defects. Regarding periodontal health, polished PEEK surfaces demonstrate low plaque affinity and acceptable surface roughness, supporting gingival health. PEEK offers distinct advantages in pediatric dentistry, particularly for patients requiring metal-free, lightweight, and shock-absorbing restorations. While it presents a promising alternative to traditional materials, achieving durable adhesion requires specific surface treatments, and further prospective clinical studies are warranted to validate its long-term performance.