Vol. 1 No. 1 (2011): Volume 1, No 1, 2011

Aim: Debridement during root canal treatment is mandatory and it is provided by means of chemomechanical instrumentation and irrigation methods. This article analysis the debridement capacity of a novel system, SAF and its special irrigation device when used with different operation times in curved root canals. Methodology: 30 mesiobuccal root canals of maxillary molars were instrumented using SAF. Teeth were divided into three groups. In Group 1, 10 new SAF files were used for operation for 4 minutes. In Group 2, the 4-min previously used SAF files were operated in the same manner. In Group 3, the 8-min previously used SAF files were operated. During SAF operation 2.6 % NaOCl and 17 % EDTA were used alternately in all groups. Debris and smear layer removal were evaluated for the apical thirds under scanning electron microscope. Results: Non-used, 4-min preused, and 8-min preused SAF efficiently removed debris and smear layer in the apical thirds. There were no significant difference among the groups in terms of debridement. Conclusions: When SAF is operated in curved root canals with continous flow of irrigation it results in debris and smear-free canal walls in the critical apical thirds within 12 minutes.     How to cite this article:  Yiğit Özer S, Adıgüzel Ö, Kaya S. Removal of debris and smear layer in curved root canals using self-adjusting file with different operation times - A scanning electron microscope study. Int Dent Res 2011;1:1-6.   Linguistic Revision:  The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

Aim: To evaluate the levels of  interleukin1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the samples of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) taken from the late adult rats during the orthodontic tooth movement and to  evaluate the responses to orthodontic treatment .  Methodology: In experiment 19 adult (120 days) Spraque-Dawley rats were used. Approximately 15 g force applying open coil spring was applied actively between the upper incisors of the rats. Before and after the activation on the 3rd and 7th and 10th days GCF samples were taken from the vestibular surfaces of appliance fixed teeth using periopaper®. Then the samples were biochemically analyzed. For the statistical analysis of working days of each cytokines repetitive variance analysis technique  was used. Results: The levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were the highest in the 3rd day and started to decrease on the 7th and 10th days. Conclusions: The cytokine levels of orthodontic force applied teeth in late adult rats are compatible with the levels of studies in young rats.    How to cite this article:  Acun Kaya F, Gündüz Arslan S , Kaya CA, Arslan H, Hamamcı O.  The Gingival Crevicular Fluid Levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in Late Adult Rats. Int Dent Res 2011;1:7-12.

Aim: We compared the ability of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Ketac Molar Easymix (KM) to repair furcal perforations in extracted human molars, based on the volume of methylene blue dye penetration. Methodology: In total, 44 human mandibular molars were divided randomly into two (n = 20 each) experimental groups, with two teeth used as positive controls and two teeth without perforations used as negative controls. Group 1 was repaired with MTA and group 2 with Ketac Molar Easymix. The volumetric determination of dye penetration was based on the molecular characteristics of methylene blue. The standard area of a methylene blue particle is known and the surface area can be calculated. We converted the dye penetration area into a volume and performed quantitative analyses. Results: Volume measurement using the dye penetration method showed that KM resulted in more microleakage than MTA (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Mineral trioxide aggregate resulted in significantly less dye leakage than Ketac Molar Easymix using a volumetric measurement method.   How to cite this article:  Kaya S,  Ganidağlı Ayaz S, Doğan MS,  Aydın H.  Comparing MTA and Ketac Molar Easymix for furcation perforation repair using a volumetric method. Int Dent Res 2011;1:13-17.  

In modern dentistry, fibre-reinforced fixed dental prostheses are considered a useful alternative to classical metal-ceramic restorations. This method allows a conservative approach for replacing missing teeth that overcomes some of the drawbacks of conventional prostheses. Our patient required extraction of tooth #46 because of an apical lesion of the mesial root, and underwent extraction by hemisection. After healing, using the superior properties of the combined fibre/composite, an adhesive bridge restoration was applied with support from the distal root of tooth #46 and teeth #45 and #47.  How to cite this article:  Agüloğlu S, Ayna E, Özdemir E. A Fibre-Reinforced fixed partial denture on a hemisectioned tooth: A Case Report.  Int Dent Res 2011;1:38-41. Linguistic Revision:  The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

A primary aim of root canal treatment is to completely clean and shape the root canal system. Various instruments are available for endodontic instrumentation. Although rotary systems do prepare many canals without major procedural errors, they do not address canal types with long-oval or flat cross sections. A newly developed self-adjusting file (SAF) was designed to address the shortcomings of traditional rotary files by adjusting itself to the canal cross section. This instrument consists of a compressible opened NiTi tube that, on placement into a root canal, will exert pressure against the canal Wall. The SAF is used in an in-and-out motion powered by a handpiece and under constant irrigation. The aim of this review was to describe instrument design, usage parameters and features of Self Adjusting File. How to cite this article:  Adıgüzel Ö.  A Literature Review of Self Adjusting File. Int Dent Res 2011;1:18-25. Linguistic Revision:  The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

Dental cements are widely used in dentistry.  Base material, temporary filling material and luting agents can all have different clinical applications. Different types of cement have also been developed for various orthodontic and endodontic treatments. In literature it is still argued that there is not ideal cement answering all purposes yet, so different materials are required for the comprehensive patient treatments and it is not always that easy to make the best choice. The aim of this article is to provide a clinically relevant discussion of contemporary permanent luting agents, in order to enhance the dentist’s ability to make proper cementation choices and application. How to cite this article:  Sümer E, Değer Y. Contemporary Permanent Luting Agents Used in Dentistry: A Literature Review. Int Dent Res 2011;1:26-31. Linguistic Revision:  The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

The clinical presentation of internal and external cervical lesions vary considerably, and detection of lesions is often made incidentally. Accurate diagnosis is the most important step of the treatment plan because these pathologies are quite different from each other concerning their treatment procedures. This paper gives a literature review of internal and external root resorptions with respect of their etiology and addresses the difference in treatment modalities.  How to cite this article:  Yiğit Özer S. Diagnosis and Treatment Modalities of Internal and External Cervical Root Resorptions:  Review of the Literature with Case Reports Int Dent Res 2011;1:32-37. Linguistic Revision:  The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.