Vol. 1 No. 2 (2011): Volume 1, No 2, 2011

Aim: This study compared smear-layer and debris removal using with three different application times of 17% EDTA and 7% maleic acid irrigation agents. Methodology: Fifty-two maxillary and mandibular single-rooted teeth were divided randomly into seven groups (n = 8 each, control group n = 4). Three groups received 17% EDTA and three received maleic acid (1, 5, 10 min). Canals were prepared using nickel-titanium rotary files. Smear-layer and debris removal were evaluated in the coronal, middle, and apical thirds of the teeth using scanning electron microscopy, and results were analyzed compared using Mann–Whitney U tests. Results: Maleic acid removed the smear layer (coronal and middle: p<0.01; apical: p<0.05) and debris (all p< 0.05) more effectively than EDTA in terms of 1 min application period. Effectiveness did not differ significantly with 10-min applications. Conclusions: Final irrigation with 7% maleic acid is more efficient than 17%EDTA in the removal of smear layer and debris from the coronal, middle and apical third of the root canal system in application within 1 min.  How to cite this article:  Kaya S, Adıgüzel Ö, Ganidağlı Ayaz S. Effectiveness of Three Different Application Times of 17% EDTA and 7% Maleic Acid Irrigation Agents on the Removal of Debris and Smear Layer: A Scanning Electron Microscope Study. Int Dent Res 2011;2:48-54. Linguistic Revision:  The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

Aim: This study compared the stress distributions of endodontically treated tooth restored with carbon and titanium post during different loading conditions. Methodology: A 3-dimensional finite element model was created to represent an endodontically treated maxillary central incisor tooth with its supporting structures. Stress distribution and stress values were then calculated by considering the three dimensional von Mises stress criteria. Results: A 100-N static vertical occlusal load was applied on the node at the center of occlusal surface of the tooth. The von Mises stress values for carbon post model was on the coronal third and the cervical area of the root in the range of 353.149 and 13.878 MPa,  for titanium post model was 540.736 and 22.777 MPa. Conclusion: This study shows that the titanium post yields larger stresses than the carbon post.  How to cite this article:  Adıgüzel Ö, Kaya S, Yiğit Özer S, Değer Y, Göncü Başaran E, Yavuz İ. Three-dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Endodontically Treated Tooth Restored with Carbon and Titanium Posts. Int Dent Res 2011;2:55-59. Linguistic Revision:  The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of 20-min applications of MTAD and 15% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) solutions during final irrigation on the demineralization of root canal dentin. Methodology: Forty mandibular and maxillary single-rooted teeth were randomly divided into two groups. During initial irrigation following the use of each file, 2 mL of 2.5% sodium hypochloride (NaOCl) solution was applied to all teeth. During final irrigation, 5 mL of EDTA solution was applied to the teeth in Group 1 and 5 mL MTAD solution was applied to the teeth in Group 2. Both solutions were applied for 20 min. All teeth were then washed with 5 mL distilled water and dried with paper points. The teeth were buccolingually bisected along the long axes using hammers and chisels. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images were then obtained and scored. Results: Mann–Whitney U tests revealed significant differences between the MTAD and EDTA groups (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The EDTA solution produced more demineralized areas in the dentin tubules than the MTAD solution. How to cite this article:  Kaya S, Ayaz SG, Uysal İ, Akkuş Z. Comparison of the Impact of Long-Term Applications of MTAD and EDTA Irrigation Agents on Dentin Structure: A Scanning Electron Microscope Study. Int Dent Res 2011;2:60-64. Linguistic Revision:  The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

Aim: Scaling and root planing (SRP) is a major component of periodontal therapy which is often accompanied by painful experiences for the patient.  The objective of the present study is to evaluate the pain control of two available types of ibuprofen, soft gelatin capsules and tablets, following SRP in patients with chronic periodontitis. Methodology: 75 patients with chronic periodontitis, undergoing routine periodontal SRP were selected. Following probing the amount of pain perceived was recorded as the baseline pain using visual analog scale (VAS). Further, they received either 800 mg ibuprofen tablet, 800 mg ibuprofen capsule or placebo and the pain level was measured thirty minutes thereafter. Participants underwent SRP procedure and the pain levels were recorded immediately and then at 30 and 60 minutes after SRP. Results: The mean VAS pain scores assessed immediately, thirty minutes and an hour after SRP for both ibuprofen and ibuprofen capsule groups were lower than placebo. Significant difference in the pain parameter only immediately after SRP between three groups were observed (p=0.012).The mean VAS pain score difference after thirty minutes and an hour upon SRP with baseline was insignificant in all study groups (p≤0.0001). However, the mean VAS pain score measured an hour after SRP showed significant difference between both NSAID groups and placebo group (p=0.012) Conclusions: Soft gelatin ibuprofen capsules are well suitable for pain management during SRP procedure in patients with chronic periodontitis due to reported rapid onset of action and less gastrointestinal intolerance.  How to cite this article:  Jenabian N, Naderi E, Moghadamnia AA, Zahedpasha S. Comparison between Soft Gelatin Capsule Containing Ibuprofen and Ibuprofen Regular Tablet in Pain Control Following Scaling and Root Planing. Int Dent Res 2011;2:42-47. Linguistic Revision:  The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

Aim: White spot lesions (WSLs) are the most frequently observed problems in patients with poor oral hygiene. If this problem is left untreated during the initial phase, it will ultimately need major treatment. One treatment alternative in the initial phase is the caries infiltration technique. The aim of this case report is to present the treatment of WSLs by using this technique.  Methodology: An 18-year-old female who had WSLs on the buccal surfaces of the lower left canine, first and second premolars and first molar after 8 months of fixed orthodontic therapy was included in this study. Icon-Infiltrant was applied for the treatment of WSLs. Results: After Icon-Infiltrant application, the WSLs were cured. Conclusions: By using this technique, an esthetic smile can be achieved in one visit with the elimination of esthetic discoloration and the progression of the early enamel lesions can be prevented.  How to cite this article:  Başaran G, Veli İ, Göncü Başaran E. Non-Cavitated Approach for the Treatment of White Spot Lesions: A Case Report. Int Dent Res 2011;2:65-69. Linguistic Revision:  The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

Complete crown fracture is a dental injury affecting enamel, dentin, and pulp and unfortunately crown is lost usually due to loss of tooth structure. Root-crown lengthening can be performed if an acceptable root-crown ratio is preserved for the retention of root. This paper presents a case report of a mandibular canine incisor tooth having complete crown fracture. Root-crown lengthening is performed by surgical extrusion of the root coronally, splintted using a semi-rigid splint and prognosis was successful after one year later. Treatment of complete crown fracture by surgical extrusion and splintting may be a good alternative for general practitioners since it is an easy and short time requiring technique necessiating less equipments.  How to cite this article:  Yiğit Özer S, Uysal İ, Bahşi E. Surgical Extrusion of a Complete Crown Fractured Tooth: A Case Report. Int Dent Res 2011;2:70-74. Linguistic Revision:  The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.